Rapid Strep Test: What It Is and How It Works

What is a Rapid Strep Test?

A rapid strep test is a quick and convenient way to diagnose a streptococcal (strep) throat infection. It involves taking a throat swab and testing it for the presence of streptococcal bacteria, which can cause sore throat, fever, and other uncomfortable symptoms.

How Does a Rapid Strep Test Work?

The Throat Swab Procedure

The rapid strep test involves a simple procedure where a healthcare provider uses a sterile swab to collect a sample from the back of the patient’s throat. This throat swab gathers mucus and cells, which are then tested for the presence of Group A Streptococcus bacteria.

Analyzing the Sample

Once the sample is collected, it is placed in a special test kit containing a reagent. This reagent reacts with any strep A antigens present in the sample. If the antigens are detected, a visible line or color change occurs on the test strip, indicating a positive result. The entire process typically takes about 5 to 10 minutes.

Interpreting the Results

• Positive Result: Indicates the presence of Group A Streptococcus bacteria, confirming strep throat. The healthcare provider will likely prescribe antibiotics to treat the infection.
• Negative Result: Suggests that the bacteria are not present. However, if symptoms strongly suggest strep throat, a follow-up throat culture may be performed to confirm the result.

When is a Rapid Strep Test Recommended?

Healthcare providers may recommend a rapid strep test when a patient presents with symptoms of a sore throat, such as:

• Sudden onset of a sore, scratchy throat
• Fever
• Swollen lymph nodes in the neck
• White or yellow spots on the throat or tonsils